Actual versus potential shock in making shock situations function as negative reinforcers1
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Lung Changes in Shock
In the very beginning stage of the lung changes are Perivascular, capillary wall edema, thickening of the interstitial, lymph and vascular dilatation. In the late stage of the shock the following changes will occuree Microthromboses of the lung capillary, polynulcear infiltration into the interstitial, the existence of polynuclear in the alveoli, proliferation of interstitial mesenchyma,...
متن کاملCardiovascular Function in Shock
Hemodynamic responses to volume loading with infusion of dextran-40 and myocardial stimulation with isoproterenol in 23 patients in shock from hemorrhage, trauma, or sepsis, and 10 healthy controls were studied. Responses of the control were moderate to dextran and marked to isoproterenol. Shock patients were divided into three groups according to the response of the cardiac index to dextran-40...
متن کاملNew Blood Transfusions in Shock
In this article the differences between blood bank 8...'1d normal blood is shown. The danger of massive blood transfusion specially in shocked patient is discussed. The importance of warm blood, correction of acidosis with ventilation and bicarbonate, and the use of fresh plasma to compensate the reduction of coagulation factors are mentioned. The value of acidphosphaite-dexterose (APD) as sto...
متن کاملColloid versus crystalloids in shock
The debate about whether to use crystalloids or colloids for the resuscitation of hypovolaemia is not as important as the challenge of continually maintaining a normal intravascular volume. In this article we will discuss hypovolaemia and its consequences, the physiology of body fluids and finally the choice of the most appropriate fluid, touching on the colloid-crystalloid controversy.
متن کاملLiver function in septic shock.
Serum liver function tests were estimated in 57 patients admitted to an Intensive Therapy Unit (ITU) with a diagnosis of septic shock. Following an initial biochemical disturbance, persisting hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with a poor prognosis. Post-mortem liver histology in 22 patients showed varying degrees of non-specific reactive change, venous congestion, ischaemic necrosis, fatty cha...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
سال: 1968
ISSN: 0022-5002
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1968.11-385